Comparative Study of Customs, Traditions, and Legal Procedures Related to Marriage and Divorce in Hindu and Muslim Traditions

Abstract

This research paper presents a comparative analysis of the process, religious beliefs, customs, and legal provisions related to marriage and divorce in Hindu and Muslim traditions. In a multi-religious country like India, the rules of marriage and divorce not only vary according to religion but also influence social structures, gender roles, and individual rights. In Hinduism, marriage is considered a sacred sacrament, believed to be a bond spanning multiple lifetimes, whereas in Islam, marriage is regarded as a social contract. Based on these different religious perspectives, the procedures for divorce also vary. In Hindu marriage, divorce is a judicial process based on mutual consent, cruelty, adultery, etc. In contrast, Muslim marriage recognizes religious methods such as Talaq-e-Ahsan, Talaq-e-Hasan, Khula, and Mubarat. However, Triple Talaq (Talaq-e-Biddat) has been declared unconstitutional in India. This study also highlights the reforms made by the modern Indian judicial system to protect women's rights in both religions. Overall, this study helps in understanding the religious, social, and legal complexities of marriage and divorce and underscores the impact of religion-based matrimonial laws in India.

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